Photographic type composig machine



May 35 1951 H. R. FREUND ETAL.

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE composme MACHINE l7 Sheets-$119M. 1

Original Filed April '7. 1945 uumog mumum SEE INVENTORS HERMAN R-FREUND FRITZ STADELMANN ATTORN EYS May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ET AL 2,552,381

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE CMP OSING MACHINE Original Filed April '7, 1945 l7 Sheets-Sheet 2 HURT] EN HUD DUUDHUUU INVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND BY FRITZ STADELMANN m 7M4, v1?

ATTORNEYS May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND AL PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE l7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed April 7, 1945 INVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND mmw D y 1951 H. R. FREUND ET AL 2,552,881

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE Original Filed April 7, 1945 17 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND BY FRITZ STADELMANN ATTOR EYS May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ETAL PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE l7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Original Filed April 7, 1945 yum ATTORNEYS i NH INVENTORS M y 9 1951 H. R. FREUN ETAL, 2,552,881

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPQSING MACHINE Original Filed April 7. 1945 17 Sheds-Sheet 7 m m 6 5 D N N Nwm v w m S R SF H H R. N O M rN J 5 m T NA T M 2 T 5 VR W I N R A A 5 5 1-H F v% m i May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ET AL PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMP-USING MACHINE Original Filed April 7, 1945 17 Sheets-Sheet 8 lNVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUN!) BY FRITZ STADELMANN M5, M J M ATTORNEY May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ETAL PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE l7 Sheets-Sheet 9 Original Filed April '7. 1945 MANN y 1951 H. R FREUND ET AL 2,552,881

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE} COMPOSING MACHINE Original Filed April 7, 1945 1'7 Sheets-Sheet 10 1NVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND BY FRITZ STADELMANN m W 4' y ATTORNEYS May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ET AL 2,552,331

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE Original Filed April 7, 1945 17 Sheeis-Sheet ll INVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND BY FRITZ STADELMANN MIMI?! ATTORNEYS May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ET AL 5 PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE Original Filed April '7, 1945 l7 Sheets-Sheet 12 INVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND- BY FRITZ STADELMANN M m $6 ATTORNEYS ll May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ETAL PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE Original Filed A ril 7, 1945 1''! Sheets-Sheet l4 INVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND BY ATTORNEYS FRITZ STADELMANN May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ET AL 2,552,881

PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE CWING MACHINE Original Filed April 7. 194/5 17 ShGGiS-ShGGt 15 INVENTORS HERMAN R. FREUND FRITZ STADELMANN M WW ATTORN EYS m m 8 .t 7 w W A 2 h u M S 5 S E L SR E q w s o N 2 t R n R N 5 O h NA 2 T S EM T T m m A 7 N F l t m m B H R FREUND ETAL PHOTOGRAPHIC TYFE COMPOSING MACHINE May 15, 1951 Original Filed April '7, 1945 May 15, 1951 H. R. FREUND ET AL PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE 1'7 Sheets-Sheet 17 original Filed April 7, I945 HERMAN R. FREUNP FRITZ STADELMANN INVENTORS Patented May 15, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PHOTOGRAPHIC TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE Herman R. Freund, Brooklyn, and Fritz Stadelmann, Valley Stream, N. Y., assignors to Intertype Corporation, Brooklyn, N. Y.

37 Claims. 1

This invention relates to improved apparatus for photographically producing type matter for printing processes for offset and gravure printing, and more particularly to a machine for producing lines of printing type matter photographically by exposing type characters borne or represented by suitable elements individually and successively in the order of composition of the elements in a line, and recording the exposure in a spaced relation governed by a dimension of the respective elements which is representative of the setwise width of the particular character to be produced.

An organized machine capable of accomplishing this general result is disclosed in the copending application of Klingberg, et al., Serial No. 452,248, filed July 24, 1942, which matured into Patent No. 2,391,021 on December 18, 1945, and broadly viewed, the present invention is directed toward improved apparatus for increasing the utility, speed of production and efficiency of operation of a machine of this general nature.

The present invention is a division of the application Serial No. 587,062, filed April '7, 1945, now abandoned, by Herman R. Freund, Willard S. Curtis and Fritz Stadelmann.

Among the objects of the invention are the following: to provide simplified and improved mechanism for carrying out the line delivery, line confining and line justifying operations; to provide mechanism capable of greater speed of operation in displacing the line elements individuall from the composed line and moving them successively to photographing and discharging positions; to provide for the employment of roll film and the feeding thereof automatically, both edgewise to receive the successive photographic impressions in line and in proper spaced relation and lengthwise to obtain a desired spacing between successive lines; to provide adjustments for producing images in a wide range of enlarged or reduced sizes and mechanism for altering the speed of operation of the element removing and photographing devices and correspondingly the rate of feed of the sensitized surface in conformity with the optical requirements as changed by such adjustments; to provide main and auxiliary light shutters of reduced weight and capable of faster operation; to provide additional and improved safety and operating controls including means to enable the blanking-out of an unwanted line, automatic drive controls for starting the operation of the element removing and photographing devices after the line justifying action and for stopping these devices upon discharge of the last element of each line presented thereto, and means to indicate exhaustion of the supply roll of film;

and to provide parts throughout which minimize the factors of friction and wear and thus assure longer life and maintenance of accuracy at the desired greater speed of operation.

In the present embodiment, the characterbearing elements employed carry a photographably reproducible character disposed in a plane parallel to a fiat or broad side of the element body, the thickness of which latter is equal to or proportional to the setwise width of the particular character borne thereby. Apart from the nature and arrangement of their reproducible characters, these elements are provided with upper and lower pairs of supporting and guiding lugs or ears and with combination distributing teeth, thus to accommodate them to the well known matrix storage, assembling and distributing facilities such as commonly found in commercial line composing and type slug casting machines of the general organization disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 436,532, granted to O. Mergenthaler on September 16, 1890.

Also, in the present embodiment, after the line of elements is composed (throu h manipulation of a keyboard) it is moved bod ly endwise to a justifying position by delivery devices which act automatically to start the machine for the first part of its cycle of operation. Spacebands of well known form inserted between the words in the composed line of elements are then expanded in order to bring the line to an exact predetermined length defined by the space between a right hand end wall which is adjustable to the desired line measure and a fixed left end wall. The adjustable end wall stands in the path of a follower carried by the line delivery devices whereby to stop the delivery stroke at the line measure position and is movable vertically to lock the follower rigidly during the justifying operation.

While the line of elements is maintained in justified condition the adjustable end wall is withdrawn from locking relation with the follower and the main drive of the machine is then automatically stopped, the follower than subjecting the line to pressure endwise in a direction toward the aforesaid fixed end wall so that the leadin line element is held firmly against said wall. The photographing mechanism and uni-directional moving mechanism such as a pair of opposed chains carrying a series of uniformly spaced pick-up members is then automatically set into operation for removing and feeding the elements individually and successively from the head or leading end of the line progressively to photographing and discharging positions along a guide channel of which the aforesaid fixed end wall is a part. A Geneva drive provides'momentary dwells in the movement of the chains as the successive elements are presented by the pickup members first at a photographing position where they are aligned on the optical axis for photographic exposure and then at the discharging position. A safety shutter is opened by the first element moved into photographing position and is held open by a latch which latter is tripped by the aligning means in the absence of an element at the photographing position, forinstance after the last line element is moved out of such position, so that the safety shutter automatically closes. at a constant predetermined speed enables the successive exposures to take. place in timed relation to the presentation of the respective elements on the optical axis. After each removal. of an element the remaining elements are advanced bodily endwise by the line follower a. distance governed. by the body thickness of the removed element and through suitable connections of the follower to a holder for the sensitized photographic impression receiving medium (a roll of. sensitized paper. or film) thismedium is correspondingly advanced edgewise to: effect proper. relativespacing; of the characters successively re produced photographically in line;

The elements are fed by the removing. mechanism. from the photographing position to a. discharging position. at the top of the aforesaid.

guide channel. where they are. pushed off their pick-up. members onto. an elevator. similar gen.- erally tothe familiar record elevator found on commercial'line composing machines. After discharge of the last removed element thefeeding and photographing mechanisms are automatically stopped and the main drive of the machine is then started again for completion of its full cycle of operation. The second elevator with the accumulatedline of discharged. elements thereon is then raised to present such elements to dis-- tributing devices which serve to separate: andreturn the individual elementsaccording to" character to their proper channels instorage=rnagazines of well known form. During this part of the machine cycle various other mechanisms are restored to their starting positions ready to receive and handle a succeeding composed line.

Upon return of the film" holder to starting position suitable adjustable control mechanism perates to feed the film endwise (columnwise-)' from the supply roll a desired distance for line spacing purposes.

The foregoing and other objectives andthe apparatus involved for performing the above outlined operations will' be described hereinafter in detail in connection with the embodiment shown A main rotary exposure shutter driven.

Figure 1 is a partial front elevation showing portions of the element storage and assembling mechanism and the associated line composing, line delivery and line justifying channels as well as portions of the spaceband distributing mecha nism.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of the character bearing elements employed in carrying out the invention.

Figure 2 is a partial front elevation of a por tion of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1 and shows the housing adjacent to the left end thereof. containing the element displacing and photographing mechanisms.

Figure 3 is a section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2 but with the photographing devices removed.

Figure 4 is an end elevation on the line 44 of Fig. 2.

Figure 5 is an elevation viewed from the left side of the machine and showing the main operating cams and levers, the several supporting shafts being shownin section.

Figure 5 represents schematically the position of various operating levers relative to their controlling cams on the main cam shaft when the latter is brought to rest during the element photographing operation.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the operating cams andlevers, the main driving clutch and-the clutch drive. from the intermediate shaft for the element displacing and photographing. devices.

Figure '7 is a front elevation in section of the housing and. contained parts for controlling the speed. of drive of the element displacing mecha nism.v

Figure 8, is a fragmentary section showing details. of the tension adjusting parts for the drive shown inFig. '7.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 9-9. of- Fig. '7.

Figures 10, 11 and 12 illustrate schematically the driving clutch for the element displacing mechanism in nonoperating, active and driving conditions respectively.

Figure 13 is a perspective elevation of portions of the line embracing and line justifying parts and supports therefor asviewed from the rear left-side.

Figure 14 isa plan view of the cross tie to which the operating lever for the line embracing parts in Fig. 13 is connected.

Figure 14 is afragmentary section taken on the line Id -l t of Fig. 14.

Figures 15, 16 and 1'7 illustrate the line embracing and line justifying devices in their relative positions respectively for receiving a line delivered to the justifying position, for embracing and justifying said line and for releasing said line While holding it in justified condition.

Figure 18 is a fragmentary plan view partly in section as viewed generally on the line l8l8 of Fig. 3.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary plan view of a switch and rod operated by the line delivery lever to control starting of the second part of the machine cycle.

Figures 20, 21 and 22 are sectional plan views on the line 2il2 [-22 of Figure 31 and show the safety shutters in closed, open and safety operated conditions respectively.

Figure 23 is a fragmentary elevation showing the safety shutters held in open position by their controlling parts.

Figure 24 is a side elevation as viewed from left of the assembled inner and outer plates which form the right hand wall of the housing shown at the left side of the machine in Fig. 2.

Figure 25 is a side elevation of the outer one of the two plates of Fig. 24, this plate being shown detached in order to illustrate details of its construction.

Figure 26 is a vertical section taken on the line 26-26 through the assembled plates in Fig. 24. Figure 27 is a vertical section taken on the line 21-21 through the assembled plates in Fig. 24.

Figure 28 is a circuit diagram including schematic representations of the involved mechanisms.

Figure 29 is a fragmentary front elevation in full size showing a leading line element in position for displacement upwardly in the feed channel by the pick-up slides on the unidirectional moving chains.

Figure 30 is a fragmentary perspective view showing details of construction of the element pick-up slides. Figure 31 is an elevation as viewed on the line 3l-3l of Fig. 2 with the element feeding devices removed to better show the main rotary shutter and driving connections therefor within the housing at the left side of the machine.

Figure 32 is a perspective View of the housing and mechanism therein of Fig. 31.

Figure 33 is a perspective view of the line delivery and line advancing devices and their connections for advancing the film for the exposures of the elements individually displaced from the line.

Figure 34 is a plan view of the line delivery slide bar shown in Fig. 33 and its connection to the line delivery lever.

Figure 35 is a front elevation showing the vertically movable film holder and adjusting devices therefor disposed at the left of the housing containing the photographing and element displacing mechanisms as shown in Fig. 2.

Figure 36 is an end elevation of the film holder and adjusting devices shown in Fig. 35.

Figure 37 is a front elevation, partly in section on the line 3137 of Fig. 36, of the linespace adjusting parts shown in Fig. 36.

Figure 38 is a detail of the line-space clutch.

Figure 39 is a plan view, partly in section on line 3939 of Fig. 36 of the film holder and adjusting devices shown in Fig. 36.

Figure 40 is an enlarged fragmentary detail in elevation of parts at the lower end of the film holder for detecting electrically the exhaustion of the supply roll of film.

Figure 41 is an enlarged plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 40 as seen from the line M in Fig. 36.

Figure 42 is an end elevation of the adjustable lens holder.

Figure 43 is a fragmentary vertical section taken generally on the line 43-43 of Fig. 35, showing change-ratio gearing for varying the extent of the letter-by-letter feed of the film.

Figure 44 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view showing details of the clamping means for detachably mounting the film magazines on the film holder.

Figure 45 is a fragmentary plan view showing the automatic stop and actuating mechanism therefor for supporting the film holder when adjusting the change-ratio gearing shown in Fig. 43.

As already indicated, the invention is disclosed by way of example as applied to a machine equipped with element storage, assembling and distributing mechanisms such as employed in commercial typographical line composing and slug casting machines of the general class set forth in U. S. Patent No. 436,532. Since the construction and operation of these mechanisms is so well known to those skilled in the art only fragments of some of the storage and assembling parts are shown herein, the distributing mechanism proper being omitted entirely.

Element storage, assembling and distributing devices Referring to Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 designates a fragment of a forwardly inclined magazine of the usual trapezoidal shape as employed for storing the well known matrices from which character-bearing type slugs are cast, such storage magazine having top and bottom plates which are channeled or grooved on their opposed inner faces for supporting edgewise between the plates columns of the character-bearing elements or matrices. Each column is long enough to hold a supply of elements bearing a given character and there may be as many columns as required to make up a complete font which usually comprises at least the lower case and the capital letters of the alphabet and the usual numerals, and also the ordinarily used punctuation marks.

The upper end of the magazine I cooperates with distributing mechanism (not shown) such as commonly found on commercial matrix composing and line casting machines and which serves to conduct the elements back to their proper storage channels after they have been circulated through the various mechanisms of the machine for reproduction. The well known combination teeth A on the elements, see Fig. 1 support them while they are propelled, through engagement of their ears or lugs in spiral threads of rotating screws, along a ribbed combination bar of the distributor to drop-off points vertically aligned with the respective magazine channels.

At its lower end the magazine I cooperates with a so-called assembler from 2 having a series of partitioned passages 3 through which the elements fall by gravity when released by the operation of suitable escapements (one for each magazine channel) in response to manipulation of a keyboard (not shown). The released elements gravitate to a downwardly inclined and constantly running belt 4 which directs them over a rotating assembler star wheel 5 which acts to flip them upright into the usual line supportin channel of the so-called assembling elevator 6. Here the first incoming element encounters a line resistant l which is secured in well known manner to the left end of the usual assembler slide (not shown), the latter being under spring tension to the right and having a pointer and scale whereby the operator may set the extent of leftward travel of the slide under the influence of the elements successively added to the composed line. A scale ti on the elevator 6 indicates the growth of the line under c0mposition as the resistant 1 advances. As customary, as the length of the composed line approaches the ultimate desired line length (indicated on the scale W) the operator ceases his composition and relies upon the expansible spacebands to bring the line to the desired length by expansion of the word spaces. 

